That year, they brought with them a different group of American and British expatriates: Bill Smith, Hemingway's Michigan boyhood friend, Stewart, recently divorced Duff, Lady Twysden, her lover Pat Guthrie, and Harold Loeb. The two returned a third time in June 1925 and stayed at the hotel of his friend Juanito Quintana. The couple returned to Pamplona in 1924-enjoying the trip immensely-this time accompanied by Chink Dorman-Smith, John Dos Passos and Donald Ogden Stewart and his wife.

With his wife Hadley Richardson, Hemingway first visited the Festival of San Fermín in Pamplona in 1923, where he was following his recent passion for bullfighting. Hemingway (left), with Harold Loeb, Duff Twysden (in hat), Hadley Richardson, Donald Ogden Stewart (obscured), and Pat Guthrie (far right) at a café in Pamplona, Spain, July 1925. He wanted to use his journalism experience to write fiction, believing that a story could be based on real events when a writer distilled his own experiences in such a way that, according to biographer Jeffrey Meyers, 'what he made up was truer than what he remembered'. In the 1920s Hemingway lived in Paris as a foreign correspondent for the Toronto Star, and traveled to Smyrna to report on the Greco–Turkish War.

His spare writing style, combined with his restrained use of description to convey characterizations and action, demonstrates his ' Iceberg Theory' of writing. Hemingway investigates the themes of love and death, the revivifying power of nature and the concept of masculinity. Hemingway presents his notion that the ' Lost Generation'-considered to have been decadent, dissolute and irretrievably damaged by World War I-was in fact resilient and strong. The novel is a roman à clef: the characters are based on people in Hemingway's circle and the action is based on events, particularly Hemingway's life in Paris in the 1920s and a trip to Spain in 1925 for the Pamplona festival and fishing in the Pyrenees. A year later, Jonathan Cape published the novel in London under the title Fiesta. The novel was published in the United States in October 1926 by Scribner's. Hemingway biographer Jeffrey Meyers writes that it is now 'recognized as Hemingway's greatest work' and Hemingway scholar Linda Wagner-Martin calls it his most important novel. An early modernist novel, it received mixed reviews upon publication. The Sun Also Rises is a 1926 novel by American writer Ernest Hemingway, his first, that portrays American and British expatriates who travel along the Camino de Santiago from Paris to the Festival of San Fermín in Pamplona and watch the running of the bulls and the bullfights. The Hellenistic jacket design 'breathed sex yet also evoked classical Greece'. First edition of The Sun Also Rises, published in 1926 by Scribner's, with dust jacket illustrated by Cleon ( Cleo Damianakes).

The sun rises ernest hemingway